Faraday's Butterfly Net Electricity & Magnetism_Circuits Hand-cranked Van de Graaff generator

Hand-cranked Van de Graaff generator with a 9

5mm copper wire on a clear acrylic base support side-by-side comparison of how loop count multiplies the on-axis magnetic field at fixed current

and pith for stem anatomy and plant tissue teaching

Acrylic bell-in-vacuum jar with an internal 4-6V DC electric bell that fades and falls silent as the enclosed air is removed

Wider 70 x 20 x 8mm cross-section on this Alnico bar pair gives a broader pole face than typical bar magnets

Faraday's Butterfly Net Electricity & Magnetism_Circuits Hand-cranked Van de Graaff generatorDemonstrates that charge resides only on the outer surface of a conductor by inverting the charged net inside out and showing the charge transferring to the new outside layer.